DAFTAR ISI
Rangkuman Materi Past Perfect Continuous
Tense ini tergolong kedalam ragam perfektif (has/have/had) yang dituangkan dalam bentuk continuous (verb-ing). Past perfect continuous digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan atau kejadian yang dimulai sebelum pembicaraan berlangsung di waktu lampau dan terus berlangsung atau sama sekali berhenti sebelum orang tersebut berbicara. Secara sederhana tense ini bisa kita sebut bentuk sudah sedang. Sama seperti jenis tense yang lain, past perfect continuous tense dibagi menjadi dua bentuk: bentuk verbal dan bentuk nonverbal.
BENTUK VERBAL (Menggunakan predikat kata kerja)
Bentuk kata kerja (verbal form) dalam past perfect continuous ini menggunakan verb (-ing) yang terdiri dari tiga bentuk kalimat: kalimat positif (positive/declarative), kalimat negatif (negative/declarative), dan kalimat tanya (interrogative). Perhatikan penjelasan di bawah ini!
Positive
Bentuk positif dari past perfect continuous menggunakan kata kerja bantu perfektif (perfect auxiliary) had + been + verb (-ing). Perhatikan pola di bawah ini!
Subject | Had + Been + Verb ing | Object |
Negative
Bentuk negatif dari past perfect continuous menggunakan not atau never di antara kata kerja bantu perfektif (perfect auxiliary) had dan been + verb (-ing). Perhatikan pola di bawah ini!
Subject | Had + Not | Been + Verb ing | Object |
Time clues:
Keterangan waktu yang digunakan dalam tense ini adalah kombinasi antara keterangan waktu yang digunakan untuk present perfect (for, since) dan tense (When S + verb2 …, last…, Before S + verb2, in 1989, etc.)
Contoh:
Positive
- Yesterday, the landslide had been blocking the flow of river behind my house before the rescue team came.
(Kemarin, longsoran tanah sudah sedang memblokir aliran sungai di belakang rumahku sebelum tim penyelamat datang) - Before I used a stepladder to reach the lamp and repair it, I had been using a tabble and a chair on it.
(Sebelum saya menggunakan tangga lipat untuk mencapai dan memperbaiki lampu, saya menggunakan sebuah meja dan kursi di atasanya) - For more than ten hours, the professional hackers had been sabotaging the internet access of this company before the staff of IT could fix it.
(Selama lebih dari sepuluh jam, penyadap profesional tersebut sudah sedang menyabotase akses internet perusahaan ini sebelum staf IT bisa memperbaikinya) - In 2009, Bernard had been renting five of his snowmobiles in the slope of Mount Alpen before two of them were broken.
(Tahun 2009, Bernard sudah sedang menyewakan lima dari kereta saljunya di lereng Gunung Alpen sebelum dua dari kereta-kereta salju tersebut rusak)
Negative
- Two hours ago, Talita actually had not been sitting on her father’s working chair before he asked her not to sit on it.
(Dua jam yang lalu, Talita sebenarnya tidak sedang duduk di kursi siku tersebut sebelum ayahnya memintanya untuk tidak mendudukinya) - Before ironing that new curtain, my house assistant hadn’t been washing it to remove chemical substance residue on it.
(Sebelum menyetrika gorden baru tersebut, asisten rumah tanggaku belum sedang mencucinya untuk menghilangkan sisa-sisa zat kimia yang menempel) - Despite knowing its benefit for her health, my aunt, Adinda hadn’t been consuming watermelon to cure her prostate.
(Meskipun mengetahui keuntungan untuk kesehatannya, Bibiku, Adinda tidak sedang mengonsumsi semangka untuk menyembuhkan penyakit prostatnya)
- Last week, Anya had not been travelling to Argentina before she got the sudden call from her company.
(Minggu lalu, Anya tidak sedang melakukan perjalanan ke Argentina sebelum ia mendapatkan telepon mendadak dari perusahaannya)
Interrogative
Sama seperti jenis tense yang lain, jenis pertanyaan dalam past perfect continuous juga dibagi dua: auxiliary atau yes/no-question dan informative/W/H-question. Perhatikan pola di bawah ini!
Yes/No or Auxiliary Question
Had | Subject | Been + Verb ing | Object? |
W/H or Informative Question
W/H | Had | Subject | Been + Verb ing | Object? |
Catatan:
- Yes/No or Auxiliary Question = Pertanyaan informasi yang di awali dengan what, when, where, who,why, dan how
- W/H or Informative Question = Pertanyaan yang diawali dengan had serta menghendaki jawaban yes or no
Contoh:
Yes/No or Auxiliary Question
- Had Ferdinand been lighting all candles in the dark room before his wife came and hugged him?
(Apakah Ferdinand sudah sedang menyalakan semua lilinnya di ruangan gelap sebelum istrinya datang dan memeluknya?) - Had the lady bikers been enjoying the beauty of Ciwidey tea plantation before the earthquake happened?
(Apakah para pengendara motor perempuan tersebut sudah sedang menikmati keindahan perkebunan teh Ciwidey sebelum gempa bumi terjadi?)
W/H or Informative Question
- How had those boxers been fighting on the ring before the jury decided who the winner was?
(Bagaimana para petinju itu sudah sedang bertarung di atas ring sebelum juri memutuskan siapa pemenangnya?) - Why had Alfonso been building a steel house before he went to war zone?
(Mengapa Alfonso sudah sedang membangun sebuah rumah baja sebelum ia pergi ke medan perang?)
BENTUK NON-VERBAL (Berpredikat bukan kata kerja)
Bentuk non-verbal tidak berpredikat kata kerja namun berpredikat pelengkap atau complement yang terdiri dari frasa kata benda (noun phrase), frasa kata sifat (adjective phrase), dan keterangan tempat (adverb of place). Perhatikan pola di bawah ini!
Contoh:
- Noun phrase
- Jeremiah had been being a field coordinator for ten months before he was appointed to be a manager.
(Jeremiah sudah sedang menjadi seorang koordinator lapangan selama sepuluh bulan sebelum dia ditunjuk sebagai seorang manajer)
- For several weeks, my brothers had been volunteers of Corona virus vaccine test before they went to Jakarta for working.
(Selama beberapa minggu, saudara-saudaraku sudah sedang menjadi sukarelawan uji vaksin virus Corona sebelum mereka pergi ke Jakarta untuk bekerja.)
- Jeremiah had been being a field coordinator for ten months before he was appointed to be a manager.
- Adjective phrase
- Black Pink had been being popular since Lisa joined it as vocalist in 2017.
(Black Pink sudah populer sejak Lisa bergabung sebagai vokalis tahuun 2017)
- During the examination, Andara and other students had been being confused before they had inspiration to answer the questions
(Selama ujian, Andara dan siswa lainnya tampak sudah sedang kebingungan sebelum mereka punya inspirasi untuk menjawab soal)
- Black Pink had been being popular since Lisa joined it as vocalist in 2017.
- Adverb of place
- For an hour, Tobing had been being between Agus and Indra to discuss about the school tasks.
(Selama satu jam, Tobing sudah sedang berada di antara Agus dan Indra berdiskusi tentang tugas-tugas sekolah)
- A sleeping persian cat had been being under the dressing table before I waked it up
(Seekor kucing persia yang sedang tidur sudah sedang berada di bawah meja rias sebelum saya membangunkannya)
- For an hour, Tobing had been being between Agus and Indra to discuss about the school tasks.
Contoh Soal Past Perfect Continuous Jawaban & Pembahasannya
Soal No.1
For ten hours, the carpenter __________an upholstered bench in his workshop before I phoned him to ask the progress of making it.
- Has made
- Has been made
- Had been making
- Was making
- Made
PEMBAHASAN :
Kombinasi antara for (selama) dan before (sebelum) adalah time signals (keterangan waktu) untuk past perfect continuous (Subject + Had + Been + Verb (-ing). Maka jawabannya adalah opsi C. For ten hours, the carpenter had been making an upholstered bench in his workshop before I phoned him to ask the progress of making it.”Selama sepuluh jam, si tukang kayu tersebut sudah sedang membuat kursi lapis di ruang kerjanya sebelum saya meneleponnya untuk menanyakan kemajuan pembuatan kursi tersebut.”
Jawaban C
Soal No.2
Which sentence is grammatically correct?
- The teenager had being been in a China town to meet his old friend.
- Why the terrorists hadn’t been worried before the police caught them?
- Adrian had been not planting the seeds of pumkin.
- Had Those fruits sellers been got the extraprofits from car free day event?
- Before being calmed down by her father, the kids had been being frightened.
PEMBAHASAN :
Kalimat yang benar secara tata bahasa Inggris adalah yang E. Before being calmed down by her father, the kids had been being frightened. Perbaikan tiap opsi jawaban adalah sebagai berikut:
- Opsi A : The teenager had been being in a China town to meet his old friend.
- Opsi B : Why hadn’t the terrorists been being worried before the police caught them?
- Opsi C : Adrian had not been planting the seeds of pumkin.
- Opsi D : Had Those fruits sellers been getting the extraprofits from car free day event?
Jawaban E
Soal No.3
Andre : Had those teachers been teaching any subjects to their students through Zoom application?
Sule : ___________________
- Yes, they did
- No, they hadn’t
- No, they haven’t
- Yes, he had
- No, he had not
PEMBAHASAN :
Jawaban untuk pertanyaan Yes/No atau Auxiliary question adalah yes or no. Maka jawaban yang tepat jika pertanyaannya Had those teachers been teaching any subjects to their students through Zoom application? Adalah Yes, they had atau No, they hadn’t. They digunakan sebagai kata ganti dari those teachers.
Jawaban B
Soal No.4
Amira ______ the original documents in the office for fifteen minutes before she submitted them to her boss.
- Was photocopying
- Has been photocopying
- Had photocopied
- Had been photocopying
- Was being photocopied
PEMBAHASAN :
Kombinasi antara for (selama) dan before (sebelum) adalah time signals (keterangan waktu) untuk past perfect continuous (Subject + Had + Been + Verb (-ing). Maka jawabannya adalah opsi D. Amira had been photocopying the original documents in the office for fifteen minutes before she submitted them to her boss. “Amira sudah sedang memfotokopi dokumen-dokumen asli di kantor selama lima belas menit sebelum ia menyerahkan dokumen-dokumen tersebut ke bosnya.
Jawaban D
Soal No.5
How ______Tomy _______his recent business before he decided to go abroad for a megaproject?
- Had, been managing
- Did, been managed
- Has, managing
- Had, managing
- Had, been managed
PEMBAHASAN :
Bentuk pertanyaan informatif atau W/H Question dari past perfect continuous adalah W/H + Had + Subject + Been + Verb (-ing). Maka jawaban yang benar untuk mengisi dua bagian yang kosong adalah opsi A. How had Tomy been managing his recent business before he decided to go abroad for a megaproject? “Bagaimana Tomy sudah sedang mengatur bisnis barunya sebelum ia memutuskan pergi ke luar negeri untuk sebuah proyek besar”
Jawaban A
Soal No.6
The bus came after I … for about twenty minutes.
- Have been waiting
- Have waited
- Am waiting
- Had been waiting
- Was waiting
PEMBAHASAN :
The bus came after I … for about twenty minutes (Bus datang setelah saya … selama sekitar dua puluh menit)
Pada kalimat di atas berlaku rumus: Simple Past + after + Pas perfect
Petunjuk untuk menyelesaikan soal di atas adalah for about twenty minutes ® keterangan waktu Perfect Tense atau Perfect Continuous Tense.
Maka jawaban untuk melengkapi kalimat di atas yaitu Past Perfect Continuous ® had been + Ving .
Jawaban D
Soal No.7
“Your plane was delayed, wasn’t it?”
“Yes, therefore, when I arrived, the driver picking me up … for more than two hour.”
- Waited
- Would wait
- Was waiting
- Would have waited
- Had been waiting
PEMBAHASAN :
“Your plane was delayed, wasn’t it?”
(Pesawatmu tertunda, kan?)
“Yes, therefore, when I arrived, the driver picking me up … for more than two hour.”
(Ya, oleh karena itu ketika saya tiba, pengemudi yang menjemput saya … lebih dari dua jam)
Perhatikan keterangan waktu pada kalimat di atas berikut ini:
- When I arrived → Past Tense
- for more than two hour → Perfect Tense atau Perfect Continuous Tense
Maka jawaban untuk melengkapi kalimat di atas harus berbentuk Past Perfect Continuous → had been + Ving
Jawaban E